Closed Die Forgings: The Art of Precision Manufacturing

In the field of metal processing, forging, as an ancient and vibrant process, has always played a pivotal role. Among them, Closed Die Forgings, with its unique advantages, stands out in the pursuit of high-precision and high-quality parts manufacturing and has become an indispensable part of modern industry.

Closed Die Forgings, also known as flashless die forging or impression die forging. The core of this process is that the metal billet is completely enclosed in the die during the forging process. By hammering or extrusion, the metal flows and fills in the die cavity, and finally forms a part of the desired shape. Compared with open die forging, the biggest feature of closed die forging is the closed nature of its die, which determines its unique advantages in metal flow control, part accuracy and surface quality.

In the closed die forging process, the gap between the upper die and the lower die remains unchanged, and the billet is formed in the closed die cavity on all sides. No lateral flash is generated, and a small amount of excess material will form longitudinal burrs, which will be removed in subsequent processes. This process allows the geometry, dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the forging to be as close to the final product as possible, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of metal materials.

Advantages of closed die forging
High precision and high quality: Due to the closed nature and high precision requirements of the die, closed die forging can more accurately control the size and shape of the product to achieve a higher precision standard. At the same time, the flow of metal in the die is strictly restricted, reducing the generation of surface defects, thereby improving the surface quality of the parts.
High material utilization: Closed die forging eliminates flash and avoids material waste. This is particularly important for the processing of precious metals or rare materials, which can significantly reduce production costs.
Superior mechanical properties: The parts that have been closed die forged have a denser structure and more uniform deformation, so they have higher mechanical properties such as strength, toughness and wear resistance. This makes closed die forging parts more reliable during use and can withstand greater loads and harsher working environments.
Wide range of application: Closed die forging is suitable for the production of various complex shaped parts, such as gears, wheels, shafts, etc. These parts are widely used in the fields of automobiles, aviation, aerospace, ships, etc.

The process of closed die forging usually includes the following steps:
Blank preparation: According to the shape and size requirements of the parts, select the appropriate metal blank and perform necessary pretreatment, such as heating, cutting, etc.
Mold design and manufacturing: According to the shape and size requirements of the parts, design and manufacture the corresponding mold. The design of the mold needs to take into account factors such as the flow characteristics of the metal, the strength and durability of the mold.
Forging process: The heated blank is placed in the mold, and the metal is made to flow and fill in the mold cavity by hammering or extrusion. During the forging process, parameters such as forging force, forging temperature and forging speed need to be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and precision of the parts.
Subsequent processing: After forging, the parts need to be subjected to subsequent processing procedures such as burr removal, heat treatment, and surface treatment to further improve the quality and performance of the parts.

As a precision metal processing process, closed die forging has a wide range of applications in the fields of automobiles, aviation, aerospace, and ships. For example, in automobile manufacturing, closed die forging is used to produce key parts such as engine crankshafts, connecting rods, and gears; in the aerospace field, closed die forging is used to produce high-strength and high-precision parts such as aircraft landing gear and engine blades.